The WHA directly challenged the NHL from 1972 to 1979. Edmonton, New England/Hartford, Winnipeg & Quebec merged into NHL. Other teams included Calgary Broncos, Michigan Stags, LA Sharks, Cleveland Crusaders, NY Raiders, Ottawa Nats/Civics, Philly / Vancouver Blazers, Toronto Toros, Indy Racers, PHX Roadrunners, Denver Spurs, MN Fightin' Saints, SD Mariners, Cincy Stingers.
